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But just how do you create a system Which Has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their job
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a Really creative manner I like to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to participate in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. All you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds simple, right
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Obviously, this guessing is done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the further supposes you can make in one second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to guess correctly, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the ideal guess, your mining program determines which of these current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents your moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with the solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can validate it. Its a bit much like some Rubiks cube: The solution is very tough to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Each computer that validates your solution updates its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions that you chose to include in the block.
4. The machine generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and benefits them to you as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the cube youve only entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the fact that this procedure helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining component is merely a by-product of the transaction confirmation process. So that the name is somewhat misleading, since the main objective of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for each block, a different miner will suppose the number and also be granted the right to upgrade the blockchain. Of course, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but due to the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed every time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a way that the further mining energy the network has, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining math issue. Therefore that the difficulty of the mining process is actually self-adjusting to the accumulated mining power the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it will get more difficult to solve the problem; if many of them drop off, it will get easier. This is known as mining difficulty.
Now, remember, this is on average. We can have two blocks being added minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a sort of arms race to get the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners out there. In reality, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back at the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was low. Since Bitcoin began to catch on, folks looked for more potent mining solutions.